Erectile dysfunction

Causes and risk factors of erectile dysfunction

The most common cause of erectile dysfunction is damage to the tissues, either the arteries, nerves, muscles or fibrous tissue. Physical diseases account for around 70 per cent of cases of erectile dysfunction, including :

Cardiovascular disease (problems with the blood supply to the penis is by far the commonest cause of erectile dysfunction, especially in older men, smokers and those with high blood pressure - In fact erectile dysfunction may often be the first sign of serious heart or blood vessel disease).
Diabetes.
Kidney disease.
Obesity.
Nervous system condition such as multiple sclerosis (these are less common).
Hormonal problems (these are rare).

In some cases the condition is caused by damage to the nerves and arteries near the penis which can occur during surgery, particularly for prostate and bladder cancer. Physical injury to the penis, spinal cord, prostate, bladder or pelvis can also be a factor. Erectile dysfunction is also a side effect of some common medications, including:

Blood pressure drugs.
Antihistamines.
Antidepressants.
Tranquilizers.

Recreational drug use, such as cocaine, can also cause erectile dysfunction.

Psychological factors are the main factor in up to 20 per cent of cases, especially among younger men. These include:

Stress.
Anxiety.
Guilt.
Depression.
Low self-esteem.
Fear of sexual failure or pregnancy